Elaeophora elaphi is a nematode parasite found in the blood vessels of the liver in Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) in certain parts of Spain.

Though adult E. elaphi induce lesions in the blood vessels, and appear to activate the local immune response, they seldom cause overt clinical symptoms in their hosts.

Elaeophora elaphi was first described in 1986, from specimens found in the hepatic blood vessels of Red deer (Cervus elaphus) from "Sierra Morena", Córdoba, Spain.

They also appear to induce a local humoral immune response in the host, including production of lymphoid tissue and granulomatous lesions.

[7] Necropsy revealed 100 E. elaphi in its hepatic (liver) blood vessels - a much higher infestation intensity than was found in local deer - in addition to Theileria infection.