It was prepared by English Puritan missionary John Eliot by translating the Geneva Bible[2][3][4] into the Massachusett language.

[8] The preparation and printing of Eliot's work was supported by the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in New England, whose governor was the eminent scientist Robert Boyle.

[10] Daye started the operations of the first American print shop which was the forerunner of Harvard University Press.

[10] The press was located in the house of Henry Dunster, the first president of Harvard College where religious materials such as the Bay Psalm Book were published in the 1640s.

[12] This money was received by the Commissioners of the United Colonies of New England and dispersed for missionary purposes such as Eliot's Indian Bible.

[6] He used the assistance of a few local Massachusett Indians in order to facilitate the translation, including Cockenoe, John Sassamon, Job Nesuton, and James Printer.

[6][17] Eliot made his first text for the Corporation for the propagation of the Gospel in New England into the Massachusett language as a one volume textbook primer catechism in 1653 printed by Samuel Green.

[18] He then translated and had printed in 1655-56 the Gospel of Matthew, book of Genesis, and Psalms into the Algonquian Indian language.

[19][16] It was printed as a sample run for the London Corporation to show what a complete finished Algonquian Bible might look like.

[6][21] To accommodate the transcription of the Algonquian Indian language phonemes extra "O's" and "K's" had to be ordered for the printing press.

The translation answered the question received many times by Eliot from the Massachusett was "How may I get faith in Christ?"

[7] Some ecclesiastical questions given to Eliot by the Natick Indians that were to be answered by the new Algonquian Bible and Indian religious learning were: In 1664 an especially prepared display copy was presented to King Charles II by Robert Boyle, the Governor of the New England Company.

[22][29] In 1685, after some debate, the New England Company decided to publish another edition of Eliot’s Indian Bible.

[13] The Massachusett Indian language Natick dialect that the translation of Eliot's Bible was made in no longer is used in the United States.