This led researchers to conclude that enamel matrix proteins (or EMPs) laid down by Hertwig's epithelial root sheath serve as precursors to acellular cementum during its formation, known as cementogenesis.
[1] The presence of acellular cementum acts to signal the development of periodontal ligament (PDL) fibers, followed by new alveolar bone, thus leading to the formation of the tissues of the periodontium.
A commercially prepared and purified extract of enamel matrix proteins, EMD is composed primarily of amelogenin and has been shown to promote PDL fibroblast proliferation and growth.
EMD mimics normal root development by stimulating release of autocrine growth factors from periodontal ligament undifferentiated mesenchymal cells.
[6] EMD also stimulates osteoprotegerin, serving to trigger osteoblasts and indirectly inhibit both osteoclastogenesis and osteoclastic function, both of which are important in attaining alveolar bone growth in the area of desired regeneration.