Sinus lift
The vacant tooth socket collapses as it heals, leaving an edentulous area, commonly referred to as a ridge.
Lowering of the sinus can be caused by the following: long-term tooth loss without the required treatment, periodontal disease, or trauma.
Once the incision is made, the surgeon then pulls back the gum tissue, exposing the lateral bony wall of the sinus.
[6] The graft material used can be either an autograft, an allograft, a xenograft, an alloplast, synthetic variants, or combinations thereof.
This technique is performed by flapping back gum tissue and making a socket in the bone 1–2mm short of the sinus membrane.
A dental implant is normally placed in the socket formed at the time of the sinus lift procedure and left to integrate with the bone.
The goal of this procedure is to stimulate bone growth and form a thicker sinus floor, to support dental implants for teeth replacement.
With this technique, the regeneration of a substantial amount of new bone is a predictable outcome only in narrow sinus cavities.
[citation needed] Although rarely reported, such secondary intervention can also be successful when the primary surgery is limited to the elevation of the membrane without the insertion of additional material.
Most notably, the close relationship of the augmentation site with the sinonasal complex can induce sinusitis, which may become chronic and cause severe symptoms.
A sinus-lift procedure was first performed by Dr. Hilt Tatum Jr. in 1974 during his period of preparation to begin sinus grafting.
After this, suitable instruments were developed to manage the lining elevation from the different anatomical surfaces encountered in the sinuses.
Boyne and James authored the first publication on the technique in 1980 when they published case reports of autogenous grafts placed into the sinus and allowed to heal for 6 months, which was followed by the placement of blade implants.
2) The soft tissue is flapped back to expose the underlying lateral wall of the left maxillary sinus .
3) The bone has been removed with a piezoelectric instrument, exposing the underlying Schneiderian membrane , which is the lining of the maxillary sinus cavity.
4) Through careful instrumentation, the membrane is carefully peeled from the inner aspect of the sinus cavity.
5) The membrane has been reflected from the internal aspect of the inferior portion of the sinus cavity; one can now visualize the bony floor of the sinus cavity without its lining membrane (note the triangular ridge of bone within the sinus, known as an Underwood's septum ).
6) The newly formed space within the bony cavity of the sinus yet inferior to the intact membrane is grafted with human cadaver allograft bone. The floor of the sinus will now be roughly 10mm or so more superior than it was before, providing enough room to place dental implants into the edentulous site.