Tradition holds that niches in the stony mountainside attracted hermits in early medieval times, but by 1331, a number of followers resided here in a priory, outside of the town to pursue contemplative life of prayer.
In 1430, this order was expanded with the canons from Santa Maria al Reno; and in 1445, under Pope Callixtus III, the cannons of San Secondo were transferred here.
The monastery once housed the Blessed Arcangelo Canetoli (c. 1460–1513), and his body is putatively preserved above the main altar/sarcophagus, made of polychrome marble and with glass windows inside the small church.
A chapel in the grotto was putatively used by Canetoli for prayer had a small fresco attributed to Ottaviano Nelli, it was detached and is now housed in the canonry of San Secondo.
The church has two altarpieces, a canvas by Annibale Beni (1764-1845) depicting the Standing Blessed Canetoli in prayer (wearing a white tunic).