Hong Kong is one of the most densely populated areas in the world, with an overall density of some 6,300 people per square kilometre.

[2] At the same time, Hong Kong has one of the world's lowest birth rates—0.68 per woman of child-bearing age as of 2022, far below the replacement rate of 2.1.

In 2011, Hong Kong had a population of just over 7 million, with a density of approximately 6,300 people per square kilometer.

This makes Hong Kong the fourth most densely populated region in the world, after Macau, Monaco, and Singapore.

[2] According to United Nations estimates from 1 July 2013, Hong Kong's population is distributed in the following age ranges, with the largest age group represented being 50–54 years:[14] Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2020):[15] The Hong Kong government provides the following estimates for mid-2013:[16] The following table shows birth rates and mortality rates in Hong Kong between 1950 and 2023.

[28] However, the majority of Hongkongers of Chinese descent trace their ancestry to various parts of Southern China: the Guangzhou area, followed by Siyi (Toishanese people), Chaoshan (a region of Eastern Guangdong home to Teochew speakers), Fujian, and Shanghai.

After excluding foreign domestic helpers, the number of ethnic minorities was 263,593 in 2016, making up 3.6% of the whole Hong Kong population.

[38] Due to its history as trading, business, and tourism hub, a large number of expatriates live in Hong Kong, representing 8% of the population.

[39] The following lists ethnic groups with significant presence in Hong Kong in alphabetical order by category: As a former British colony, Hong Kong has 2 official languages: English, and Chinese, although the specific variety of Chinese is not specified.

However, due to Hong Kong's role as an international trade and finance hub, there are also a wide variety of minority groups speaking dozens of languages present in the territory.

Traditional religions including Chinese Buddhism were discouraged under British rule, which officially represented Christianity.