It has rough, fibrous bark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds usually in groups of seven, creamy white flowers and conical fruit.Eucalyptus argillacea is a tree that typically grows to a height of 4 to 14 metres (13 to 46 ft) with rough, grey, fibrous bark on its trunk and branches.

[3][5][6] This species is similar to other box-type eucalypts found in tropical areas including E. tectifica, E. distans and E.

[7] Eucalyptus argillacea was first formally described in 1918 by William Vincent Fitzgerald and the description was publish in Joseph Maiden's book A Critical Revision of the Genus Eucalyptus from specimens collected by Fitzgerald in 1905 from around the base of Mount House.

[8][9] The specific epithet (argillacea) is a Latin word meaning "clayey",[10] referring to the soil at the type location.

[5] Mount House box is found along watercourses and on plains where it grows in alluvium and heavy clay soils.