[3] In 1935 she published another paper with Collip on the discovery of an anti-thyroid hormone which greatly contributed to the general knowledge and understanding of anti-hormones.

[4][5]Anderson returned to the University of California to instruct and became an associate professor of medicine in 1946, while continuing her research on hormone related diseases.

Most notably she discovered with her husband Webb E. Haymaker that Cushing's disease is caused by hyper function of the adrenal cortex.

Anderson also worked with Joseph Abraham Long, professor of embryology, to develop an apparatus to study the secretions of insulin from the pancreas in a rat model.

Anderson became a visiting professor of physiology at Howard University in 1955, where her research focused on hypothalamic regulation of metabolism.