[1][2] However, there are some exceptional cases where ESIPT molecules have no dual luminescence or significantly red-shifted emission from proton-transferred tautomer, from various reasons.
[6] However the amount of rate change may lie in the range of 1~50, depending on the shape and size of potential energy surfaces of the molecule.
[7] Based on characteristic that molecules usually have extraordinarily larger Stokes shift when ESIPT occurs, various applications have been developed using red-shifted fluorescence.
Applications include turn-on photoluminescence sensor,[8] photochromic, non-destructive optical memory,[9] and white-light emitting materials.
[10] Because phenol does not form a ketal under normal conditions because it does not tautomerize to any useful extent; however under ESIPT in the presence of an alcohol, e.g. ethylene glycol, it became possible to trap 1,4-Dioxaspiro[4.5]deca-6,8-diene [23783-59-7].