Refounded in 1919, it participated in the Romanian leagues until 1940, and eventually reached the second tier of Hungary after Northern Transylvania was assigned to the latter country.
After World War II, the region was returned to Romania and Csíkszereda took a downward slope until 1971, when it participated in the Romanian third division for the first time.
[1] The club was re-founded in 1919 at a superior level of professionalism, under the name of Asociația de Educație Fizică din Miercurea Ciuc and became part of the Kingdom of Romania, but the following years turned out to be as unfruitful as before for "the Székelys", who couldn't achieve notable results not even in the Romanian leagues.
[2] During the 1943–44 season Ciucanii were part of the third tier, Nemzeti Bajnokság III, Székely Land series, where they finished last, 5th out of only five teams.
The third spell of "the Red and Blacks" on the third stage of the Romanian football was a longer one, originally under the name of IUPS Miercurea Ciuc, name of the main sponsor, IUPS (Întreprinderea de Utilaje și Piese de Schimb) translated as Machinery and Spare Parts Undertaking, a factory under the direct rule of the communist regime (as all the factories from that period), at the same time signaling the fact that the regime finally turned its "face" to the football from the region, the club was ranked 9th at the end of the 1977–78 season.
Due to lack of funds and with the fans being more oriented to the ice hockey team, most popular of the county's clubs, Rapid continued the activity at the limit of subsistence, until finally succumbed.
In 2010 the football club was re-founded, this time under the name of CSM Miercurea Ciuc, also known in Hungarian as VSK Csíkszereda, and after a 2nd place at the end of the 2010–11 edition,[10] Ciucanii won the Harghita County championship at the end of the 2011–12 season, but lost the Liga III promotion play-off, with the score of 1–5, against CSM Făgăraș, Brașov County champions.
Led by former player of Rapid București and FC Brașov, Róbert Ilyés, who was named in 2013 as player-manager of the squad, the Székelys won again the Liga IV, Harghita Series, but lost dramatically the promotion play-off, this time 2–3 against Mureșul Luduș, Mureș County champions.
[13] Unlike its region colleague, Sepsi OSK Sfântu Gheorghe, which has been promoted consecutively to the first league, FK Csíkszereda encountered some difficulties.
Finally "the Red and Black" promoted to Liga II, for the first time in the history of 115 years old of football from Miercurea Ciuc.
[15] In this season the club was led from the bench by Valentin Suciu, the man who also promoted Sepsi OSK Sfântu Gheorghe from Liga IV to Liga I. Suciu also led the team to the best result in the Romanian Cup, where it was eliminated only in the quarter-finals by the top-flight side CS Universitatea Craiova, but not before eliminating Dinamo București in the round of 16.
Even if the club does not have an ultras group, "the Red and Blacks" are well supported by the local community, which creates an enthusiastic atmosphere at the home matches.