The FSM National Police is specifically mandated to enforce fishery laws, the Controlled Substance Act, the Weapons Control Act, Search and Rescue, protection of government officials and visiting foreign diplomats, and laws that are national in nature or crimes against the government.

Other functions include medical evacuation, assistance in disaster relief operations, emergency communications and technical support and training state law enforcement agencies.

The Maritime Wing, an integral unit of the National Police, is situated at the dock in Dekehtik, Pohnpei.

The Federated States of Micronesia also have state police departments for Kosrae, Pohnpei, Chuuk, and Yap, as well as municipal departments for Kitti, Kolonia, Madolenihmw, Nett, Sapwuahfik, Sokehs and U on Pohnpei; Polle, Fono, Losap, Nema, Udot, Uman and Tol in the Chuuk chain; and Tafunsak on Kosrae.

The Federated States of Micronesia has provided police officers to the Regional Assistance Mission to Solomon Islands since March 2006.