James Madison's reasoning for this is that with age comes more wisdom and a lower chance of being affected by emotion when making decisions.

The reason for the longer period of citizenship is to protect the government from any influence that other countries could have, caused by appointing those who have not been in America for long enough to understand the values and interests of the people.

Madison believed the Senate should be a method of connecting state and national government.

As Madison says, "the government ought to be founded on a mixture of the principles of proportional and equal representation".

In particular, scholars identify that Madison's arguments supporting equal representation in the Senate are contrary to the views he expressed at the Constitutional Convention.

[2] During the Constitutional Convention, Madison authored the Virginia Plan that proposed representation based on population for each state.

[3] Equal state suffrage was an idea that Madison fought against "tooth and nail.