[1][2] Historically, discussions surrounding feminine reproductive and sexual health have been subject to social stigma within Western society.

Social determinants of health including economic and logistical burden of seeking healthcare may also interfere with timely diagnosis of female genital disease.

[9] However, through limiting the number of women eligible for various stages of these trials, outcomes and the burden of disease have been underrepresented in females, either underreported or not adjusted for.

[10] Clinical trials that focused on preventative care, such as screenings, diagnostics, and health services in have an adjusted relative difference of 8.48% in female enrollment.

Given the stigma regarding genital diseases, a common theme from the participants was that they did not know that vaginal prolapse can occur in women.

[15]  Another study in India was done where researchers called people recently diagnosed with sexually transmitted infections regarding the stigma towards their condition.

Researchers found that 49 out of 487 people wanted to participate in their study, which they inferred was related to the "shame and stigma in the Indian population".

[18] There is no standardized treatment for vulvodynia, but some options include pelvic floor physical therapy and pharmacologic pain management.

[19] Some of the risk factors include previous pelvic surgeries as well as activities and conditions that increase intrabdominal pressure such as childbirth, obesity, and older age.

Some of the conservative treatments include Kegel exercises that strengthen the pelvic floor and pessaries which aim to put the vagina in a normal position.

The flora serves as a defense against the invasion and colonization of opportunistic pathogens including bacterial vaginosis, fungi, viruses, and protozoa.

[24] Women are at an increased risk of having bacterial vaginosis if they smoke cigarettes, recently used antibiotics, use an intrauterine device, have multiple sexual partners, and practice vaginal douching.

[22] Trichomoniasis, also known as "trich", is a sexually transmitted infection caused by a protozoan parasite called trichomonas vaginalis.

Due to these adverse outcomes, the CDC recommends that women undergo routine nucleic acid amplification technique (NAAT) testing, which can aid in the detection of chlamydia and gonorrhea.

There is no cause, but risk factors such as family history, reproductive issues, hormones, and viruses are associated with fibroid growth.

[30][31] Previous research suggested an association between diet and hormonal changes that has the potential to form fibroids and give them the environment to grow.

Giuliani et al. found that asymptomatic uterine fibroids are present in 70% of individuals who were diagnosed with it, suggesting that it plays a role in epidemiologic studies underestimating its prevalence.

These treatments aim to decrease the uterine fibroid size, prevent their growth, and improve symptoms the person deals with.

Women experience a larger impact on their health compared to men because of how exposed and vulnerable their urogenital anatomy is.

[39] In 2018, $15.9 billion was spent on lifetime medical cost attributable to STIs such as chlamydia, trichomoniasis, gonorrhea, genital herpes, syphilis, human papillomavirus (HPV), HIV, and hepatitis B.