The plateau forms the northeastern portion of the White River Uplift capped by horizontal basalt flows from tertiary volcanic activity and is bounded by steep drops to valleys carved out by subsequent glaciation.

[2][3] The resulting mix of areas of treeless plateau at an elevation of 11,000 to 12,000 feet interspersed with verdant valleys is unique among Colorado mountain ranges.

The area contains approximately one hundred and ten ponds and lakes[4] and is home to a wide variety of plants and animals, including many large mammals such as moose, elk, mule deer, black bear, and cougars.

The Devil's Causeway,[7] perhaps the most popular geologic feature and notorious hiking experience in the Flat Tops, is located in the same area.

The eastern side of the Flat Tops Wilderness Area can be accessed by Routt County Rd 7 through the town of Yampa, Colorado.