Foolishness is the inability or failure to act following reason due to lack of judgment, stupidity, stubbornness, etc.
[1] The things such as impulsivity and/or influences may affect a person's ability to make reasonable decisions.
[citation needed] Other reasons of apparent foolishness include naivety, gullibility, and credulity.
[3] Andreas Maercker in 1995 defined foolishness as rigid, dogmatic, and inflexible thinking which makes feelings of bitterness and probable annoyance.
It is considered the foundation of illusions of grandiosity like omniscience, omnipotence and inviolability.