He was a representative in the National Assembly during the French Second Republic, and as Prefect of the Paris Police helped restore order after the bloody June Days uprising.

[1] He sometimes spoke in the Assembly, particularly during the debate over abrogating the article of the law of 10 April 1832 that banished members of the Bonaparte family from France.

In the Assembly he voted for banishment of the Orleans family, for the law on gatherings, for the decree on clubs, for the agenda in favor of General Cavaignac, for abolition of the salt tax, for release of the transported, against the Jules Grévy amendment, against the right to work, against the Rateau proposal, against the prohibition of clubs, against the return of the defendants of 15 May to the High Court and against credits for the expedition of Rome.

[5] Ducoux abstained from the votes on the prosecution of Louis Blanc and Marc Caussidière, on the death penalty and on the proposal for a general amnesty.

[5] During the 25 August 1848 debate on the complicity of the deputies Blanc and Caussidière in the May uprising both men slipped out of the chamber without being observed.

[11] On 8 July 1849 Ducoux failed to be elected to the Legislative Assembly, winning only 2,009 votes against 14,647 for Justinien Nicolas Clary and 13,537 for the runner-up.

[5] The idea of creating a Labour Exchange (Bourse du travail) is credited to the economist Gustave de Molinari in 1845.

In February 1851 Ducoux submitted a bill to the Legislative Assembly that proposed to establish a state-run Labour Exchange in Paris.

During the Second French Empire he generally stayed out of politics and was director of the Compagnie des Petites Voitures (Small Cab Company).