Franz Cölestin Schneider (28 September 1812, in Krems – 29 November 1897) was an Austrian physician and chemist.
For the next few years, he served as a general practitioner in the town of Herzogenburg, followed by work as an assistant to chemist Adolf Martin Pleischl (1787–1867) in Vienna.
Two years later he was named professor of surgical sciences at the Josephinum in Vienna, where he taught classes in physics, chemistry and natural history.
In 1870 he succeeded Josef Redtenbacher (1810-1870) in the department of general and medical chemistry at the University of Vienna.
He developed new methods for detecting arsenic and mercury in the human body.