Fred (Friedrich) Neufeld (17 February 1869 – 18 April 1945) was a physician and bacteriologist who discovered the pneumococcal types.

[3][4] The quellung reaction allowed for easy laboratory identification of pneumococcal types.

[5] Using Neufeld’s discoveries, Fred Griffith showed that pneumococci could transfer genetic information and transform one type into another.

Neufeld remained on the Institute staff as an "honorary member" (Ehrenmitglied) and continued to publish.

In 1939 he was nominated for the Goethe-Medaille für Kunst und Wissenschaft for his scientific achievements, but did not receive the honour until Feb. 17, 1944, his 75th birthday.