During the Japanese occupation period, this location was the racetrack of Beitou; after Chiang Ching-kuo's inspection, on July 15, 1951, it became the campus of the formerly known "Political Worker Cadres School".

The College was modelled after the pre-war Moscow Sun Yat-sen University; it was intended to provide the Republic of China Armed Forces with political commissars loyal to the Kuomintang regime.

On 1 September 2006 the College became part of the National Defense University, thereby ceasing to be a stand-alone institution.

"[1] According to Le Monde diplomatique the College was "highly reputed for its training in anti-communist warfare.

"[2] South Korea sent military personnel for political warfare training at Fu Hsing Kang College.