At its peak, Fukuroi-juku was home to 195 buildings, including three honjin and 50 hatago.
Because it was in the vicinity of the former Tōtōmi Province's three major temples, collectively known as "Enshū Sanzan" (遠州三山), it also flourished as a gateway to them.
The three temples were: Hattasan Sonei-ji (法多山尊永寺), Kasuisai (可睡斎), and Yusan-ji (油山寺).
The classic ukiyo-e print by Andō Hiroshige (Hōeidō edition) from 1831–1834 depicts a couple of travelers sheltering at a wayside lean-to, in front of which a woman stirs a large kettle hung from the branch of a large tree.
The surrounding area appears to be featureless rice fields, with little indication of a post town.