There were dozens of other smaller companies that William Durant acquired during his first employment term until he was let go due to financially overextending his purchases.
For instance, four different North American divisions (Chevrolet, Pontiac, Oldsmobile and Buick) offered four completely different versions of a 350 cu in V8 engine - very few parts would interchange between the four designs despite their visual similarities, resulting in confusion for owners who naturally assumed that replacement parts would be usable across brands.
Generally, North American and European engineering units remained separate, with Australia's Holden and other global divisions borrowing designs from one or the other as needed.
GM also worked out sharing agreements with other manufacturers such as Isuzu and Nissan to fill certain gaps in engineering.
Similarly, the company also purchased other automotive firms (including Saab and Daewoo), eventually folding their engine designs into the corporate portfolio as well.
[6] GM's German subsidiary, Opel, relies on a range of three-, four- and six-cylinder gasoline and diesel engines.
Winton's main client was the Electro Motive Company, a producer of internal combustion-electric rail motorcars.