Gaoloufangchaeta is an extinct genus of polychaete worms from the Cambrian (Stage 4) Wulongqing Formation of China.

[1] The type species is G. bifurcus.

It may be a member of the Errantia annelids, implying members of the Annelida may have diverged from each other before the Cambrian.

This dovetails with molecular studies recovering an Ediacaran origin of annelids.

[2] Gaoloufangchaeta had bicellular eyes and possible nuchal organs, meaning it developed strong sensory abilities.