Generator (circuit theory)

Real world equipment may not perfectly follow these models, especially at extremes of loading (both high and low), but for most purposes, they suffice.

Symbols commonly used for ideal sources are shown in the figure.

There are a number of these two-port models, differing only in the type of generator required to represent them.

The h-parameters are defined as the matrix where the voltage and current variables are as shown in the figure.

The circuit model using dependent generators is just an alternative way of representing this matrix.