[3] It is also the first east-west state route in west-central Georgia north of the Pine Mountain Range.

[1] SR 109 begins as a two lane road at the Alabama state line, where the roadway continues as CR 278, west of Abbottsford.

The road heads eastward almost immediately crossing Wehadkee Creek, a tributary of West Point Lake.

This leg of SR 109 serves many public recreation areas of West Point Lake in Georgia both directly and indirectly.

[5] SR 109 directly serves many of the public accesses and campgrounds for the lake including Pyne Road Park, the Wehadkee Service Area, Indian Springs Group Camp, and the Horace King Access and indirectly serves Highland Marina, McGee Bridge Recreation Area, Holiday Park, Whitetail Ridge Campground, Dewberry Recreation Area (Alabama), Evansville Recreation Area (Alabama), and the former Stateline Park (Georgia and Alabama)[5] At the intersection of US 29/SR 14, it now turns eastward, beginning a concurrency with US 29/SR 14 as Vernon Street as a four-lane divided highway.

Before entering downtown LaGrange SR 109 services Wellstar West Georgia Medical Center then slims into a two lane road just after the hospital.

[3] On the east end of town, it services LaGrange Mall and other commercial businesses before it has an interchange with Interstate 85 (I-85 Exit 18).

East of the I-85 interchange, it helps service an industrial park that includes a Walmart distribution center.

The route becomes a rural two lane road after the I-185 bridge with the exception of passing through small unincorporated towns.

In Greenville, the highway loses its critical priority status as it meets US 27 Alternate/SR 18/SR 41, as well as SR 100 (North Depot Street).

Just before leaving town named as the Woodbury Highway, they intersect SR 109 Spur (Gay Road).

The Georgia Department of Transportation average annual daily traffic (AADT) numbers for the year 2018 shows the daily average vehicle load in the thousands for most of its route, except in the city of Lagrange where it sees numbers in the ten-thousands.

Leaving Molena, the value is the lowest for the entire route at 1,120 and remains at that level until it nears US 19/SR 3 and jumps to 2,790.

[6] The first portion of the roadway that is signed as SR 109 today was designated on April 7, 1933[2] and makes its first appearance in August 1933.

[11] In April 1937, an unimproved but maintained section measuring 17.1 miles (27.5 km) travelled in an arc between the Alabama state line and US 29/SR 14 just west of LaGrange.

Continuing eastward, it followed Greenville Street until it met modern day Lafayette Parkway near State Route 14 Spur.

Spur 109 follows the modern day routing of SR 109 from the Alabama state line to Abbottsford.

[37] By 1985, Lafayette Parkway as a two-lane road was opened and SR 109 relocated to it from Greenville Street.

Also in 1987, the Troup county route of Spur 109 is abolished and the mainline takes its path west from Abbottsford to the Alabama state line.

The road crossed over a tributary of the recently filled West Point Lake (Wehadkee Creek).

It then passed the Harmony Cemetery, before it met its eastern terminus, an intersection with the SR 109 mainline, in Abbottsford.