The highway connects the southern part of Marion County with Port Wentworth, via Americus, Cordele, Abbeville, McRae, Vidalia, Reidsville, Claxton, and Pembroke.

In the northern part of the city, it begins a concurrency with US 19/SR 3 (North Martin Luther King Boulevard).

The three highways travel south-southeast, curve to the southwest, and reach West Lamar Street.

After passing Oak Grove Cemetery, SR 49 departs to the north on Tripp Street.

Less than 3,000 feet (910 m) later, SR 27 departs to the east on Vienna Road, while US 280/SR 30 curve to the southeast.

After a slight bend to the east-northeast, US 280/SR 30 travel through Cobb and cross over Lake Blackshear into Crisp County on the Gen. Howell Cobb–Capt.

[1] On the eastern side of the bridge, they skirt along the northern edge of Georgia Veterans State Park.

US 280/SR 30 travel in a fairly eastern routing and enter Wilcox County.

Shortly farther along their route, they enter Rochelle, where they intersect SR 112/SR 233 (Ashley Street).

After leaving the city, the concurrency travels to a northeastern direction and enters Abbeville, where is an intersection with US 129/SR 11 (Broad Street).

A little under 1 mile (1.6 km) after leaving the city, they cross over the Ocmulgee River into Dodge County.

[1] On the southeastern corner of Little Ocmulgee State Park, US 280/SR 30 continue to the northeast, while the other three routes turn to the north-northeast.

Then, they cross over the Oconee River on the LCPL Melvin Poole Memorial Bridge into Montgomery County.

At Jackson Street, SR 15/SR 29 depart the concurrency to the south-southwest, while US 280/SR 30 continue to the southeast, traveling south of Meadows Regional Medical Center and north of Vidalia Regional Airport.

[1] Farther to the southeast, they skirt along the southwestern edge of Gordonia-Alatamaha State Park and enter Reidsville.

There, US 280/SR 30 meet the southern terminus of SR 56 (Shepards Bridge Road) before they curve to the northeast.

Almost immediately after the end of the curve is the northern terminus SR 147 (Tattnall Street).

The concurrent highway continue to the northeast, traveling south of Manassas and curve to the east to enter Evans County.

Farther to the east-southeast, they cross over the Canoochee River into Bryan County on the Moores Bridge.

Farther along, in Lanier, they meet the western terminus of SR 204 and curve to a more northeasterly direction.

Approximately 3 miles (4.8 km) later, SR 30 splits off to the southeast on Noel C. Conaway Road.

North-northwest of the main part of town, it intersects SR 21 (Augusta Road).

The two routes head concurrently to the south-southeast and have an interchange with I-95 (Tom Coleman Highway).

[5][6] Between October 1929 and June 1930, the western terminus of SR 30 was shifted west-southwestward to Americus.