[2] In 1975 Giorgio Kaniadakis moved to Italy where he obtained the Bachelor's and Master's degrees in Nuclear Engineering in 1981 from Politecnico di Torino.

[4][5][6] Kaniadakis statistics is not an axiomatic theory, but can be traced back to the first principles of Special Relativity.

[citation needed] Cosmic rays are a relativistic particle system composed of normal nuclei as in the standard cosmic abundances of matter, and approximately can be viewed as an equivalent statistical system of identical relativistic particles with masses near the mass of the proton.

For a long time, it has been known that the cosmic ray spectrum is not exponential, and then it violates the Boltzmann statistics.

The presence in the cosmic ray spectrum of power-law tails, which extends over 13 decades in energy and spans 33 decades in particle flux, represents an important experimental test of the correctness and predictability of Kaniadakis statistics.