Raised by Colonel William Grayson, the regiment participated in actions in Northern New Jersey in early 1777, at Brandywine in September 1777, at Germantown in October 1777, and at Monmouth in June 1778.

[2] Grayson recruited his soldiers in northern Virginia and in adjacent Maryland where William Smallwood, his soon-to-be brother-in-law was very popular.

[10] On that day, Sir William Howe maneuvered one wing of his army 17 miles (27 km) to reach Osborn's Hill in the American right rear.

After belatedly learning of Howe's march, George Washington ordered John Sullivan to take charge of his own division plus those of Lord Stirling and Stephen and stop the British.

[11] Near the Birmingham Friends Meetinghouse, Stephen's 1,500 men drew up on the right flank, Stirling's 1,500 soldiers defended the center, and Sullivan's troops filed into position on the left.

As Howe's attack gained momentum, the division stoutly held its position, pinning down the Hessian Jägers and the British 2nd Light Infantry Battalion.

[15] Still part of Stephen's division, Scott's brigade marched with Nathanael Greene's left wing at the Battle of Germantown on 4 October 1777.

Washington planned for Greene's troops to attack the British right flank while Sullivan and Stirling thrust at the enemy left.

[16] Sullivan's and Anthony Wayne's divisions attacked first and drove in the British 2nd Light Infantry Battalion, together with some regiments that marched to their support.

The divisions of Greene and Stephen advanced so rapidly that Alexander McDougall's Connecticut Brigade lost track of them in the fog.

[21] As part of Charles Lee's Advance Guard, Grayson's Detachment led the American column of march on the morning of the battle.

Seeing British troops around 9:30 AM, Wayne ordered Butler and Jackson to engage them while keeping back Grayson's men to guard a key road intersection.

Jackson had seen two of Oswald's guns pulling back and asked Lee's aide John Francis Mercer for new orders.

[23] As Washington rode forward, he was surprised to see Lee's division retreating toward him, led by Grayson's and Patton's Additional Regiments.

[24] Farther on, Washington and Lee patched together a line consisting of Jeremiah Olney's brigade, detachments under Walter Stewart, Nathaniel Ramsey, and Henry Livingston Jr., and Oswald's four guns.