As the progenitor nation and in keeping with tradition, Greek athletes have competed at every Summer Olympics in the modern era, alongside Australia, Great Britain, and Switzerland.

Among the nation's medalists were track hurdler Fani Halkia, race walker Athanasia Tsoumeleka, teenage judoka Ilias Iliadis, and diving duo Thomas Bimis and Nikolaos Siranidis, who won Greece's first ever Olympic gold medals in their respective disciplines.

[6][7] Meanwhile, Nikolaos Kaklamanakis, who won the gold in Atlanta eight years earlier, and lit the Olympic flame at the conclusion of the opening ceremony, picked up his second medal with a silver in men's Mistral windsurfing.

[8] As the host nation, Greece automatically receives the full allocation of six individual places, alongside entry to both the men's and women's team events.

Coaches: 1 – Mike Riskas, 14 – Ioannis Kazanas, 42 – Scott Demtral The following is the Greece roster in the men's basketball tournament of the 2004 Summer Olympics.

Greece automatically received a team and the maximum number of individual competitors in show jumping, and at least a single spot each in dressage and eventing.

[15] Head coaches: Ulf Hakan Schefvert The following is the Greece roster in the women's handball tournament of the 2004 Summer Olympics.

[16] Head coaches: Svein Andre Olsen Greek judoka receive one place in each of the 14 categories by virtue of hosting the Olympic tournament – the maximum allocation possible.

Greece fielded a four-strong table tennis team at the 2004 Olympic Games after being granted permission to use host nation qualification places.

[18] Head coach: Dimitrios Floros The following is the Greek roster in the men's water polo tournament of the 2004 Summer Olympics.