H3T3P

H3T3P separates sister chromatids enriched with diverse pools of H3 in order to coordinate asymmetric segregation of "old" H3 into germ stem cells and that male germline activity requires tight regulation of H3T3 phosphorylation.

Many human disorders, ranging from cancer to tissue dystrophy to infertility, are caused by a disruption in this balance.

[2] H3T3P separates sister chromatids enriched with diverse pools of H3 in order to coordinate asymmetric segregation of "old" H3 into germ stem cells and that male germline activity requires tight regulation of H3T3 phosphorylation.

Researchers choose proteins that are known to modify histones to test their effects on transcription, and found that the stress-induced kinase, MSK1, inhibits RNA synthesis.

Thus results suggested that the acetylation of histones can stimulate transcription by suppressing an inhibitory phosphorylation by a kinase as MSK1.

Because of the ease with which proteins can be phosphorylated and dephosphorylated, this type of modification is a flexible mechanism for cells to respond to external signals and environmental conditions.

Reversible phosphorylation results in a conformational change in the structure in many enzymes and receptors, causing them to become activated or deactivated.

[8] In prokaryotic proteins phosphorylation occurs on the serine, threonine, tyrosine, histidine or arginine or lysine residues.

[10] The current understanding and interpretation of histones comes from two large scale projects: ENCODE and the Epigenomic roadmap.

This led to chromatin states, which define genomic regions by grouping different proteins and/or histone modifications together.

Chromatin states were investigated in Drosophila cells by looking at the binding location of proteins in the genome.