HMS Chatham was a 50-gun fourth rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, designed by Sir Joseph Allin and built by his son Edward Allin at Portsmouth Dockyard to the draught specified by the 1745 Establishment as amended in 1752, and launched on 25 April 1758.

[2] On 2 September 1781 Chatham captured the French frigate Magicienne off Cape Ann after a sanguinary engagement.

Magicienne was serving in Orvilliers' fleet under Captain Janvre de la Bouchetière[3][4] In the action the French lost 60 men killed and 40 wounded; the British lost one man killed and one man wounded.

[6] She was subsequently taken to Halifax and recommissioned in the Royal Navy as HMS Magicienne.

Chatham was placed on harbour service in 1793, and continued in this role until 1814, when the decision was taken to have her broken up.