HMS Gloucester was a 50-gun fourth-rate ship of the line built at Deptford by Joseph Allin the elder for the Royal Navy in 1710/11.

The ship was burned to prevent capture after she was damaged in a storm during Commodore George Anson's voyage around the world in 1742.

[4] She was ordered on 29 July 1710 and was built by Master Shipwright Joseph Allin to the 1706 Establishment of dimensions at Deptford Dockyard.

[2] The ship was launched on 4 October 1711 and commissioned that same year under Captain James Carlton for service in the English Channel.

[1] Gloucester was ordered to be dismantled to be rebuilt to the dimensions of the 1719 Establishment at Sheerness on 6 November 1724 and this was completed on 20 January 1725.