HMS Rupert was a 64-gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched at Harwich Dockyard on 26 January 1666 and broken up in 1769.

[1] In his diary entry of 19 May 1666, Samuel Pepys of the Navy Board describes a conversation concerning the construction of the Rupert that he had with her designer, Anthony Deane: ...the King, Duke, and every body saying it is the best ship that was ever built.

Diary of Samuel Pepys, May 1666.By 1677 the Rupert carried a complement of 400 men and 66 guns (comprising twenty-six 24-pounders, twenty-four 12-pounders, fourteen sakers [5-pounders] and two 3-pounders),[citation needed] but by 1685 she was carrying only 64 guns again (comprising twenty-four 24-pounders, two culverins, twenty-six 12-pounders and twelve demi-culverins).

[citation needed] On 1 April 1678, under Commodore Arthur Herbert, and having in company the Mary, under Captain Roger Strickland, she brought to action the Tiger, a large Algerine war ship of forty guns and 400 men.

Herbert lost an eye, and nearly all his officers and nineteen men were killed, and between thirty and forty wounded.