HMS Vanguard was a 90-gun second-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, built at Portsmouth Dockyard and launched in 1678.

[1] She ran onto Goodwin Sands in 1690, but was fortunate enough to be hauled off by the boatmen of Deal.

Vanguard sank in the Great Storm of 1703, while laid up in ordinary at Chatham Dockyard, but was raised in 1704 for rebuilding.

[2] In 1739 she was renamed HMS Duke, and rebuilt for a second time at Woolwich as a 90-gun second rate.

[3] In 1759, Duke, with a ship's complement of 800 souls under the command of Captain Samuel Graves, saw action during the Battle of Quiberon Bay.