It is a 297 residue protein (33 kDa) derived from a bacterial enzyme, designed to covalently bind to a synthetic ligand.
[2] The HaloTag is composed of two covalently bound segments including a haloalkane dehalogenase and a synthetic ligand of choice.
[3] Functional groups can either be biotin (can be used as an affinity tag) or can be chosen from five available fluorescent dyes including Coumarin, Oregon Green, Alexa Fluor 488, diAcFAM, and TMR.
[6] In the aforementioned reaction, nucleophilic attack of the chloroalkane reactive linker causes displacement of the halogen with an amino acid residue, which results in the formation of a covalent alkyl-enzyme intermediate.
[12] Recently, HaloTag has been engineered to create hybrid protein + small molecule biosensors of neuronal activity.