[10] They compared its genetic material to other bacteria and found it is closely related (98.6%) to another bacterium called Halomonas neptunia in regard to a 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison.
[10] The discovery of the bacterium Halomonas titanicae results from the study of the RMS Titanic wreckage and how microbial degradation influences the shape of the sunken ship.
A closer examination of its genetic makeup, it becomes evident that this bacterium houses specific genes responsible for thiosulfate oxidation, notably enzymes named TsdA and TsdB.
[13] These enzymes play pivotal roles in the oxidation process to form tetrathionate, providing an alternative energy source derived from compounds with sulfur.
[13] Such genetic assets hint at a strategic adaptation for H. titanicae, allowing it to flourish amidst the dynamic chemical milieu of hydrothermal vents.
[14] Conversely, in settings without oxygen, this bacterium accelerates corrosion by instigating chemical reactions that disrupt the protective layers on metal surfaces.
[14] H. titanicae adjusted its metabolic processes, utilizing solid Fe(III) as an electron acceptor, which led to its accumulation on the surface of EH40 steel.
[14] This metabolic shift triggered the reduction of Fe(III), gradually causing the surface film to degrade over time and expose fresh areas, thereby expediting the corrosion process.
[14] Furthermore, the development of a microbial film increased the impediment to disodium citrate diffusion, potentially leading to carbon depletion among bacteria in close proximity to the surface.
[13] These genomic features highlight the bacterium's capability to handle osmotic stress and metal toxicity, crucial for its existence in high-salt environments.
For example, unique gene clusters associated with osmoregulation and metal resistance, and specialized pathways for utilizing complex substrates under saline conditions are evident.
[15] These genomic insights are not just markers of robust adaptation but also underscore the evolutionary innovations that enable H. titanicae to exploit niche habitats characterized by extreme abiotic stressors.
[15] By mapping these unique genetic signatures, researchers gain valuable perspectives on the mechanisms of microbial survival and adaptation in harsh environments, paving the way for innovative applications in biotechnology and environmental management.
[16] Its robustness in handling osmotic stress and its diverse metabolic pathways for utilizing organic compounds suggest potential benefits for modulating gut microbiota and enhancing the resilience and health of aquatic species.
[16] Researchers have focused on the immune tissues in the gut, aiming to boost the resilience of aquatic species against harmful pathogens and promote overall well-being.
[16] Further investigation reveals promising outcomes, such as the study demonstrating that incorporating H. titanicae HT-Tc3 into the diet of turbot significantly enhances growth rates, gut enzyme activity, and immune function.
These industries frequently have to deal with the challenges of material degradation in marine environments, leading to economic losses and potential environmental hazards.