The traditional Aboriginal owners of the area that the range runs through are the Puutu Kunti Kurrama and Pinikura peoples.

The Hancock range is east of Karijini National Park in a region of broad valleys and peaks that rise to almost 1,200 metres (3,937 ft).

The range contains Western Australia's highest point, Mount Meharry, which reaches approximately 1,249 metres (4,098 ft) AHD.

[13][14] A cave in Juukan Gorge, about 60 kilometres (37 mi) from Mount Tom Price, was one of the oldest in the western Pilbara region, and the only inland site in Australia to show signs of continuous human occupation through the Ice Age.

[15] The cave was destroyed by Rio Tinto along with another Aboriginal sacred site on 23 May 2020[15] as part of their expansion of the Brockman 4 mine.