[3] The nearest town is Newman, approximately 20 kilometres (12 mi) to the south, in the Hamersley Range.
The range was named in 1876 by Ernest Giles, who was temporarily blind when he reached the area, having travelled east from the headwaters of the Ashburton River, and had to be led by his second in charge Alec Ross.
[5] The next expedition to the area was conducted in 1896, when Aubrey Woodward Newman attempted to lead a party overland from Cue to Roebourne.
Daisy Bates and her husband Jack had a pastoral lease in the Ophthalmia Range, which they relinquished in 1914.
[6] Mount Whaleback, which has been mined for iron ore for over 20 years, is a part of the Ophthalmia Range.