Hans-Ulrich Rülke is a German teacher and politician of the Free Democratic Party (FDP) who has been a member of the Landtag of Baden-Württemberg from 2006 to 2016 and again since 2016.

He attended primary and secondary school in Singen before studying German language and literature, politics, history, and sociology in Konstanz.

In 1993 he taught at Hilda-Gymnasium in Pforzheim, and from 2001 to 2005 he was specialist advisor for politics and economy at the high school office in Karlsruhe.

After the 2019 local elections, the FDP formed a group with the Free Voters, Independent Citizens, and Parents List, of which Hans-Ulrich became leader.

Following the 2021 state elections, he led his party's delegation in the negotiations with Minister-President Winfried Kretschmann's Alliance '90/Greens on a potential coalition government.