Harmony Borax Works

The Harmony Borax Works is located in Death Valley at Furnace Creek Springs, then called Greenland.

After discovery of Borax deposits here by Aaron and Rosie Winters in 1881, business associates William Tell Coleman and Francis Marion Smith subsequently obtained claims to these deposits, opening the way for "large-scale" borax mining in Death Valley.

[4] In an effort to save money and achieve greater efficiency, Coleman had unique borax wagons designed to get the product to the closest railhead in Mojave, California.

While these methods were in use only for a short period of time, from 1883 to 1889, they gained great notoriety and became famous after the fact thanks to the advertising efforts of Stephen T. Mather, who later became the National Park Service's first director.

[9] As part of Death Valley National Park, the site is generally open to the public and includes a loop trail and educational interpretation.

A twenty-mule team wagon
20 Mule Team Terminus: Sign in Mojave, CA