Inland, the land is hilly, rising to the west to a height of 740 metres (2,430 ft) at the highest point.

With the establishment of the modern municipalities system on 1 April 1889, Hashikami Village was proclaimed from the merger of eight small hamlets.

Hashikami has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral town council of 14 members.

In terms of national politics, the town is part of Aomori 2nd district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.

The economy of Hashikami is heavily dependent on commercial fishing and agriculture, including the raising of chickens and pigs.