It occupies the east-central portion of the prefecture, south of Shimokita Peninsula.
Kamikita District was part of ancient Kita County (北郡, Kita-gun), established by the Northern Fujiwara.
During the Edo period, the area was part of the Morioka han feudal domain of the Nanbu clan, with daikansho located in Noheji and Shichinohe.
In November 1869, Kita-gun and neighboring Sannohe District became part of the newly created Tonami Domain (斗南藩, Tonami-han), a 30,000 koku holding created to resettle the dispossessed Matsudaira clan from Aizu-Wakamatsu.
In the cadastral reform of April 1, 1889, the number of villages was reduced through consolidations and mergers to sixteen.