Heinrich-Anton Deboi (6 April 1893 – 20 January 1955) was a German general in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany during World War II who held several commands at the divisional levels.

He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross.

Deboi surrendered to the Red Army at the conclusion of the Battle of Stalingrad in 1943.

Convicted as a war criminal in the Soviet Union, he died in captivity in January 1955.