Heinrich von Ficker (22 November 1881 – 29 April 1957) was a German-Austrian meteorologist and geophysicist who was a native of Munich.

During his tenure at Berlin, he also spent several years as director of the Prussian Meteorological Institute.

From 1937 until his retirement in 1952, he was a professor at University of Vienna and director of the Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik (Central Institution for Meteorology and Geodynamics) (ZAMG).

In 1906 and 1910, while based in Innsbruck, Ficker performed extensive scientific studies involving the dynamics of Alpine foehn winds.

Ficker was also responsible for important research of cold fronts and heat waves that occur in Russia and northern Asia.