Herzog Ernst is a German epic from the early high Middle Ages (c. 1180), first written down by an anonymous author from the Rhine region.
[1] The main theme of the story is an argument between a Bavarian duke (Herzog Ernst) and his stepfather Otto the Great.
The story is split into two parts: The epic blends together two historical events: an argument between Herzog Liudolf and his father Otto I in 953–954; and the rebellion of Herzog Ernst II from Swabia (born 1007) against his stepfather King Konrad II in 1026–1027 This story was very popular in the Middle Ages in Germany, as evidenced by the number of manuscripts that have been found in a wide range of places.
This term is used to describe a handful of other manuscripts of the time, due to the assumption that they were written and told by Spielmänner (a kind of jester).
However, this term has recently been disputed, as these works are considered too complex to have been written by Spielmänner, who are generally thought to have been uneducated.