[1] HMG proteins were originally isolated from mammalian cells, and named according to their electrophoretic mobility in polyacrylamide gels.
Disruptions and rearrangements in the genes coding for some of the HMG proteins are associated with some common benign tumors.
The SRY gene on the Y Chromosome, responsible for male sexual differentiation, contains an HMG-Box domain.
A member of the HMG family of proteins, HMGB1, has also been shown to have an extracellular activity as a chemokine, attracting neutrophils and mononuclear inflammatory cells to the infected liver.
[3] The high-mobility group protein such as HMO1 [4] alters DNA architecture by binding, bending and looping.