1TGH, 1C9B, 1JFI, 1NVP, 4ROC, 4ROE, 4ROD, 5IY9, 5IYA, 5FUR, 5IYC, 5IYB, 5IY7, 5IY8, 5IYD, 5IY6690821374ENSG00000112592ENSMUSG00000014767P20226P29037NM_003194NM_001172085NM_013684NP_001165556NP_003185NP_038712The TATA-binding protein (TBP) is a general transcription factor that binds to a DNA sequence called the TATA box.

This DNA sequence is found about 30 base pairs upstream of the transcription start site in some eukaryotic gene promoters.

[7] As one of the few proteins in the preinitiation complex that binds DNA in a sequence-specific manner, it helps position RNA polymerase II over the transcription start site of the gene.

[11][9] Binding of TFIID to the TATA box in the promoter region of the gene initiates the recruitment of other factors required for RNA Pol II to begin transcription.

The sharp bend in the DNA is produced through projection of four bulky phenylalanine residues into the minor groove.

Separation of the two strands exposes the bases and allows RNA polymerase II to begin transcription of the gene.

[55] The C-terminal core of TBP (~180 residues) is highly conserved and contains two 88-amino acid repeats that produce a saddle-shaped structure that straddles the DNA; this region binds to the TATA box and interacts with transcription factors and regulatory proteins .