On February 4, 1803, Margrave Charles Frederick had the highest court created, at that time still under the name Badisches Oberhofgericht, which began its service for the Margraviate of Baden on June 10, 1803.

[1][2] The Badisches Oberhofgericht consisted of two senates, an Oberhofrichter (high court judge), a vice chancellor and several councillors.

[1][2] After World War II, Karlsruhe became a secondary seat of the Higher Regional Court of Stuttgart in the American occupation zone, while in the French occupation zone (South Baden) there was a separate Oberlandesgericht Freiburg (Higher Regional Court of Freiburg).

The Higher Regional Court is the first instance only in criminal law relating to state security agency matters.

It is also involved when an action is taken against a negative decision by the public prosecutor's office in an enforcement procedure.