Incarvillateine is a complex monoterpene alkaloid that is a derivative of α-truxillic acid.

Incarvillateine isolated from Incarvillea sinensis has demonstrated significant analgesic activity when compared to the opiate alkaloid morphine.

Naltrindole, a delta opioid receptor antagonist, did not counteract the analgesic activity of incarvillateine.

[4] Incarvillateine's antinociceptive effect was blocked by the administration of adenosine receptor antagonists such as theophylline.

This suggests that incarvillateine's main mechanism of action is mediated through the adenosine receptor.