It was closed in 1879 and its collection dispersed, part of it later forming a section in the South Kensington Museum.
The museum, of the East India Company, was established in 1801, in East India House in Leadenhall Street, London.
The first curator was Sir Charles Wilkins, an orientalist.
The director of the museum was John Forbes Watson.
In 1869 the collection was moved to the India Office, and in 1875 it was moved temporarily to the South Kensington Museum (later renamed the Victoria and Albert Museum).