[1] A few examples are the following: The requirement for integrated design comes when the different specialisms are dependent on each other or "coupled".
An alternative or complementary approach to integrated design is to consciously reduce the dependencies.
The integrated design approach incorporates collaborative methods and tools to encourage and enable the specialists in the different areas to work together to produce an integrated design.
[8] A charrette provides opportunity for all specialists to collaborate and align early in the design process.
[9] Human-Centered Design provides an integrated approach to problem solving, commonly used in design and management frameworks that develops solutions to problems by involving the human perspective in all steps of the problem-solving process.